Jim Bottorff's Banjo Page
TIPS ON LEARNING TO PLAY THE BANJO
 
Types of Banjos                                                                            Getting Started
 
Return to Home Page
Return to Song Catagories
Go to Beginner's Songs
Go to Instruction Items
Go to Easy Play-Along Songs
Go to Performer Links page
Website Search
Go to bottom of this page

TYPES OF BANJOS
 
5-String Banjo
 
The 5-String banjo has five strings and a neck with 22 frets.  The 5th string is a short string on the side of the neck.
Lots of styles of playing are used including finger picking and strumming both with and without finger picks.
Different tunings are used on the 5-string. The two most common are "G" (gDGBD) and "C" (gCGBD).
The many tunings allow more open string chords for easier finger picking.  Capos are often used to change keys.
 
4-String Plectrum Banjo
 
The 4-String Plectrum banjo has four strings and a neck with 22 frets.  Same as a 5-String without the 5th string.
Standard tuning is "C" (CGBD).  Other popular tunings include "G" (DGBD) and "Guitar" (DGBE).
The most common styles of playing include using a flat guitar pick to play single strings and chords.
Playing in different keys is accomplished by learning chords for that key.  Capos are seldom used.
 
4-String Tenor Banjo
 
The 4-String Tenor banjo has four strings and a short neck with 19 or 17 frets.
Standard tuning is "Tenor" (CGDA).  Alternate tunings include "Irish Tenor" (GDAE), plus "Plectrum" and "Guitar".
The most common styles of playing use a flat guitar pick to play single strings and chords.
Playing in different keys is accomplished by learning chords for that key.  Capos are seldom used.
 
Click here for additional information on banjos (Wikipedia)
 

GETTING STARTED
 
To get started, visit a local music store or Internet sites and explore their selection of banjo books. Look for a book that aligns with your specific interest (5-String, Plectrum, or Tenor banjo) and covers tuning methods, music fundamentals, chord exercises, and includes a few songs to practice. The Mel-Bay company has a large number of beginning and advanced publications.  For those interested in older banjo instruction, keep an eye out for books by Harry Reser and Roy Smeck. While both were renowned for their tenor banjo skills, they also authored books covering various types of banjos. You can often find their works on platforms like eBay and other online marketplaces.
 
If you like folk and bluegrass music, Pete Seeger's "How to play the 5-string Banjo" book and recording have a lot of variety with examples of many styles of strumming and finger-picking.  Some banjo books focus on only one style of playing, such as frailing, 3-finger picking, single-string melody, or chord-melody.  These are good if you know what playing style you want to learn. If you are not sure what style you are interested in, stay with the books that show music basics and simple songs with chord diagrams. Following are some links that may be helpful:
 
The Banjo Styles Collage
 
Pete Seeger 5-String Banjo Basic Strumming
 
3-Finger Picking Samples
 
Eddie Peabody 4-String Banjo Lessons
 
Dave Marty's 4-String Banjo Workshop Videos
 
 
Don't overlook your local city and county libraries! They often house a treasure trove of books and recordings that might be out of print or hard to find elsewhere. Plus, most libraries offer internet access, so you can easily look up reviews of any books you discover. Don't overlook your local city and county libraries! They often house a treasure trove of books and recordings that might be out of print or hard to find elsewhere. Plus, most libraries offer internet access, so you can easily look up reviews of any books you discover.
 
Learn to tune the banjo by various methods such as, electronic tuner, piano, pitch pipe, tuning fork, other instruments, and relative-tuning.  The relative-tuning is explained in most beginning books and this should be one of the first things you learn on the banjo.  Always check the tuning before playing or practicing.  Being able to stay in tune is very important. 
 
Learn the left hand chord positions for C, F, G7 and then G, C, D7, playing them in that order.  Use a flat guitar type pick, your fingers, or the back of your finger nails, to strum/pick the strings.  Don't be concerned with rhythm or anything else until you can make each chord sound clear and loud without buzzing or sounding muted.  Practice, practice, practice. As you hold the chord, strike each string separately to make sure you are getting clean, clear sounds.  Getting a clear sound from each string is very important. Press the strings down between the fret bars, not on top of the fret.

Once you have learned to tune the banjo easily and make clear sounding chords, then  it's time to continue on with your choice of right hand techniques, such as flat-picking, frailing, finger-picking, etc.  Rhythm, timing, and speed of changing chords will come with practice. "
Skip To My Lou," "Down In The Valley," "Camptown Races," and "Buffalo Gals" are typical of the types of songs to practice. Play chord accompaniment and then progress to melody techniques.
 
Immerse yourself in the world of banjo music by listening to and watching as many banjo players as you can. As you do, identify the playing style(s) that resonate with you most. Once you have a sense of your preferred style, seek out a local banjo teacher who can guide you through music fundamentals, rhythm, timing, and help you learn some songs.

Have your banjo checked-out and adjusted by someone with banjo knowledge.  Watch while they do it and have them explain the function of the different parts.  Learn about string gauges and how to change strings.  Learn how to properly adjust the bridge and tighten the head of your banjo. Almost every part on the banjo has a relationship to the way it sounds, including the strap which you can trip on and damage the banjo. 
 
When you are ready to start playing along with some easy songs click here.

Practice every day, very important.
 
Happy Picking and Strumming,
Jim Bottorff

Return to top of this page